We authenticate paintings, sculptures, photographs and digital works with multispectral imaging and artificial intelligence, then seal each result with post-quantum cryptography. The certificate cannot be forged, and anyone can verify it in seconds.
RICHARD MILLE SAS is a Paris company of the ZEE group, dedicated to art authentication and cryptography. We are not affiliated with, endorsed by or connected to the Richard Mille watch brand or Richard Mille SA.
Scientific examination of the work, comparison with reference corpora and expert review. The result is a documented opinion, not a guess.
Paintings, drawings and works on paper
Sculptures and objects
Photographs and prints
Digital and generative works
02
Cryptography software
We design the software that seals certificates, protects keys and lets owners prove what they hold without revealing it.
Post-quantum signature and encryption libraries
Key custody with hardware security modules
Provenance registry and audit trail
Zero-knowledge proofs of ownership
Seeing beyond the surface
Five imaging layers read what the eye cannot
Each band reveals a different history of the work: retouching, underdrawing, pigments, repairs. Together they form a material fingerprint.
UV FLUORESCENCE · 365 nm
Ultraviolet
Shows later varnish and retouching that fluoresce differently from the original paint.
VISIBLE · 400 to 700 nm
High-resolution visible
Gigapixel capture of brushwork, craquelure and signature at microscopic scale.
IR REFLECTOGRAPHY · 1 to 2.5 µm
Infrared
Reveals the underdrawing and changes of composition hidden beneath the paint layers.
X-RAY FLUORESCENCE
Elemental mapping
Maps the chemical elements of pigments. A titanium white in an 18th-century work raises a flag.
RAMAN SPECTROSCOPY
Molecular identity
Identifies each pigment and binder molecule, then compares it with the dates of their invention.
STEP 1
Intake
Secure transport or on-site visit. Condition report and chain of custody open.
STEP 2
Imaging
Multispectral capture and material analysis, without contact or sampling whenever possible.
STEP 3
NEUTRINO analysis
AI comparison with reference works, style, materials and documented provenance.
STEP 4
Expert review
Specialists of the period validate or challenge the findings and sign the opinion.
STEP 5
Cryptographic seal
Certificate signed, digital twin registered, tamper-evident tag fixed to the work.
Analysis lab · Simulation
Run an analysis on a fictitious canvas
Choose one of two invented paintings, move the spectral loupe over it, then launch NEUTRINO PROVENANCE. Everything on this panel is a simulation: the artist, the works and the results are fictitious.
Loupe · Infrared
x 000 · y 000
Work A
Simulation
UV fluorescence––
Infrared reflectography––
X-ray fluorescence––
Raman pigments––
Stylometry vs corpus––
Provenance graph––
Verdict
Waiting for analysis
Select a work and press Run.
In collaboration with NEUTRINO
NEUTRINO PROVENANCE, the AI module built for art
NEUTRINO is the ZEE group's sovereign hybrid quantum and classical artificial intelligence (French patent application FR 2601296). Its PROVENANCE module is dedicated to works of art. It cross-checks every imaging layer, every archive and every signature before an expert gives an opinion.
NP-01Spectral fusionMerges UV, visible, infrared, XRF and Raman data into one material fingerprint.
NP-02StylometryCompares brushstroke, rhythm and composition with the artist's documented corpus.
NP-03Provenance graphLinks sales, exhibitions, catalogues and archives into a verifiable history.
NP-04Anomaly detectionFlags anachronistic pigments, inconsistent ageing and suspicious gaps in the history.
NP-05Quantum-safe sealingHands the validated result to our post-quantum signature engine.
Lattice · n = 256
ML-DSA-87
Cryptography software
Certificates that will still hold in the quantum era
A certificate of authenticity is only as strong as its signature. Ours rely on lattice-based algorithms standardised by NIST in 2024, designed to resist attacks from future quantum computers.
Signature
ML-DSA (FIPS 204)
Signs every certificate and every change of ownership.
Key exchange
ML-KEM (FIPS 203)
Protects files and images exchanged with clients and experts.
Fingerprint
SHA3-512
Hashes the digital twin so the smallest change becomes visible.
Privacy
Zero-knowledge proofs
Lets a collector prove ownership without disclosing identity or price.
Verify a certificate
Anyone can check a work in seconds
Scan the tag on the work or type its certificate number. The page checks the signature against our public key and shows the history of the work.
Demonstration only. This sample certificate is fictitious and the check runs locally in your browser.
Ready. Enter a certificate number and press Verify.
SAMPLE · DEMO
Certificate of authenticity
Number
RM-DEMO-2026-0001
Work
Untitled study, oil on canvas, 46 × 38 cm
Opinion
Consistent with attribution
Layers
UV · VIS · IRR · XRF · Raman
Twin hash
3f9a…c41e
Signature
ML-DSA-87 · valid
Who we work with
For everyone who buys, sells, insures or keeps art
Collectors
Confidence before a purchase and a portable proof for the life of the work.
Auction houses and galleries
Pre-sale examination and certificates buyers can verify themselves.
Insurers
Condition and identity records that make a claim or a recovery easier.
Museums and foundations
Scientific documentation of collections and secure archives.
Artists and estates
Certificates issued at creation and a registry against forgeries.